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Créée le : 17 Feb 2009
Modifiée le : 31 Mar 2009

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Notice bibliographique (sans auteurs) :

In vitro culture of trophoblasts isolated from maternal circulation: A potential non-invasive approach to prenatal diagnosis. Communication orale au congrès de la Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (janvier 2009) annoncée dans l’American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Volume 199, Issue 6, Pages S164-S164.

Auteur·e(s) :

I. Desitter, P. Rozenberg, N. Benali-Furet, Y. Cayre, B. Laurence

Année de publication :

2008

URL(s) :

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.593

Résumé (français)  :

Abstract (English)  :

OBJECTIVE: Invasive procedures for prenatal diagnosis and chorionic villus sampling carry a risk of complications for the mother and the fetus; the risk for fetal loss being 0.5 to 2%. These procedures are routinely applied in pregnancies at high risk for fetal genetic abnormalities. Therefore, developing a non-invasive method using rare fetal cells isolated from maternal circulation should render prenatal diagnosis available without risk for fetal loss. Trophoblasts have been isolated from maternal blood by including surface antigen expression, e.g., HLA-G, and cell size. However such cells are not consistently detected in maternal circulation. Considering that results obtained from amniocytes are usually reported as preliminary, pending confirmation by culture results, a main requirement for a fully reliable diagnosis is to obtain trophoblasts isolated alive from maternal blood and able to grow in culture.

STUDY DESIGN: Here we have isolated trophoblasts from maternal circulation by size through a new filtration device, with an aim at obtaining live cells able to divide to vitro.

RESULTS: Circulating trophoblast cells were immunocharacterized using antibodies against: (i) HLA-G, found in the invasive extravillous trophoblast cell lineage; (ii) the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and its inhibitor, TIMP-1, which seems tube crucial for trophoblasts implantation in normal pregnancy. Fetal origin was further verified by detecting the X and Y chromosomes using FISH analysis. Finally, we used FISH assay to verify the existence of a trisomy 21 in trophoblasts isolated from maternal circulation carrying a trisomy 21 positive foetus.

CONCLUSION: Our results strongly suggest that extravillous trophoblasts isolated from maternal circulation and grown culture, are a key to developing a non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Chromosome analysis is currently being developed, based upon the observation that addition of thrombin or triodotyrosine to basic culture conditions (Matrigel® and human fibronectin) induced cell division and clusters formation.

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Mots-clés :

➡ diagnostic prénatal ; trisomies

Auteur·e de cette fiche :

Bernard Bel — 17 Feb 2009