3057

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Some women decline recommended care during pregnancy and birth. This can cause friction between client and provider.

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Matthijs van der Garde, Martine Hollander, Gert Olthuis, Frank Vandenbussche, Jeroen van Dillen (2019)

Women desiring less care than recommended during childbirth: Three years of dedicated clinic. Birth Issues in Perinatal Care. Wiley Online Library. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; physiology ; guidelines ; informed consent

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3046
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Historians of obstetric medicine consider Dr J. DeLee, an American gynaecologist, as the father of modern obstetrics. As I read his renowned 1920 article, I felt that I wanted to talk to him, both as a midwife and as a woman who has given birth three times.

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Celine Lemay (2018)

Physiology Matters: A letter to Doctor Joseph B. DeLee. AIMS Journal, 2018, Vol 30, No 1 ➡ Display this record
➡ ethics ; history, sociology ; physiology ; guidelines ; public health ; midwife ; informed consent

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Le texte en français est à télécharger // Voir aussi une vidéo de l’auteure : https://ww ➡ more…

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Averaged labour curves may not truly reflect the variability associated with labour progression, and their use for decision-making in labour management should be de-emphasized.

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Olufemi T. Oladapo, Joao Paulo Souza, Bukola Fawole, Kidza Mugerwa, Gleici Perdoná, Domingos Alves, Hayala Souza, Rodrigo Reis, Livia Oliveira-Ciabati, Alexandre Maiorano, Adesina Akintan, Francis E. Alu, Lawal Oyeneyin, Amos Adebayo, Josaphat Byamugisha, Miriam Nakalembe, Hadiza A. Idris, Ola Okike, Fernando Althabe, Vanora Hundley, France Donnay, Robert Pattinson, Harshadkumar C. Sanghvi, Jen E. Jardine, Özge Tunçalp, Joshua P. Vogel, Mary Ellen Stanton, Meghan Bohren, Jun Zhang, Tina Lavender, Jerker Liljestrand, Petra ten Hoope-Bender, Matthews Mathai, Rajiv Bahl, A. Metin Gülmezoglu (2018)

Progression of the first stage of spontaneous labour: A prospective cohort study in two sub-Saharan African countries. PLoS Med 15(1): e1002492. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; survey ; physiology ; dilation ; guidelines ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; informed consent

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2946
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We argue that providing a secure, supportive environment for laboring mothers can reduce the rate of ‘unnecessary’ surgical deliveries.

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Rosenberg, K.R. & Trevathan, W.R. (2018)

Evolutionary perspectives on cesarean section. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health, Volume 2018, Issue 1, 1 January 2018, Pages 67–81. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; c-section/caesarean ; ethics ; history, sociology ; iatrogeny ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; position during labor ; psychology ; public health ; social support

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Few articles argue that a secure, supportive environment would reduce the cesarean rate as it is difficult ➡ more…

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High-quality evidence about low-risk pregnancies indicates that place of birth had no statistically significant impact on infant mortality. The lower odds of maternal morbidity and obstetric intervention support the expansion of birth centre and home birth options for women with low-risk pregnancies.

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Vanessa Scarf, Vanessa Scarf, Vanessa Scarf, Chris Rossiter, Chris Rossiter, Saraswathi Vedam, Saraswathi Vedam, Hannah G Dahlen, David Ellwood, David Ellwood, Della Forster, Della Forster, Maralyn J Foureur, Maralyn J Foureur, Helen McLachlan, Helen McLachlan, Jeremy Oats, Jeremy Oats, David Sibbritt, David Sibbritt, Charlene Thornton, Charlene Thornton, Caroline S E Homer (2018)

Maternal and perinatal outcomes by planned place of birth among women with low-risk pregnancies in high-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; iatrogeny ; place of birth ; homebirth ; planned homebirth ; birthing center birthing centers ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; public health ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; guidelines ; deontology ; informed consent

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28 etudes seulement. // Aucune etude, ni la méta-analysee avaient la puissance des statistiques pour ➡ more…

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Kangaroo care can be used as a non-pharmacological intervention to prevent or decrease the risk of postpartum depression.

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Hanan A. Badr, Jaclene A. Zauszniewski (2017)

Kangaroo care and postpartum depression: The role of oxytocin ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; depression, anxiety ; prevention ; hormones

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3088
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Analysis of the influences of sexism in the quality of care in gynecology and obstetrics through the study of different types of gynecological acts, and their medical interest.

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Coline Gineste (2017)

L’impact du sexisme sur la qualité des soins en gynécologie. Mémoire de Master 2 Ethique du soin et recherche. Université de Toulouse. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; position during labor ; public health ; sexuality ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; episiotomy ; informed consent

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3054

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No proven impact of caesareans on pelvic evolution

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Iris Joussen (2017)

La césarienne, facteur d’évolution de notre bassin, vraiment ? Sciences et Avenir, 11 janvier. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; history, sociology ; physiology ; public health

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2842

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Women’s choice on the mode of delivery and the eventual modus partus of fetuses in breech presentation is strongly influenced by the counseling technique. Vaginal breech birth in low-risk women is a safe option without long term morbidity in neonates.

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Abdessalami, S (2017)

The influence of counseling on the mode of breech birth: A single-center observational prospective study in The Netherlands. Midwifery 2017 ; 55 : e96-102. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; guidelines ; dystocy ; breech presentation ; informed consent

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L’étude Hannah http://afar.info/id=600 avait été réfutée par un de ses auteurs (voir fiche http://afar.info/id=1939). ➡ more…

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Kawakita, T.; Grantz, K.L.; Landy, H.J.; Huang, C.-C.; Kominiarek, M.A. (2017)

Induction of Labor in Women with Oligohydramnios: Misoprostol Compared with Prostaglandin E2 - American Journal of Perinatology - Vol. 34, 2 - p.204-210 ➡ Display this record
➡ induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; dilation

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2936
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Many common perinatal interventions can interfere with or limit hormonal processes and have other unintended effects.

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Sakala C, Romano AM, Buckley SJ. (2016)

Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing, an Essential Framework for Maternal-Newborn Nursing. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2016 Mar-Apr;45(2):264-75 ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; psychology ; 3rd stage of labor ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; breastfeeding ; hormones ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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2783

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Levine, L.D.; Downes, K.L.; Elovitz, M.A.; Parry, S.; Sammel, M.D.; Srinivas, S.K. (2016)

Mechanical and Pharmacologic Methods of Labor Induction: A Randomized Controlled Trial - Obstetrics and Gynecology - Vol. 128, 6 - p.1357-1364 ➡ Display this record
➡ induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; dilation

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2935
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Evidence about innate hormonally mediated physiologic processes in women and fetuses/newborns during childbearing, and possible impacts of common maternity care practices and interventions on these processes, focusing on four hormone systems that are consequential for childbearing.

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Buckley, S.J. (2015)

Executive Summary of Hormonal Physiology of Childbearing: Evidence and Implications for Women, Babies, and Maternity Care. The Journal of Perinatal Education. 2015; 24(3): 145–153. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; psychology ; sexuality ; breastfeeding ; pain ; hormones ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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2917

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Etude de l’efficacité du décubitus latéral sur les bébés en OP (variété postérieure). cette position n’a pas prouvé son efficacité pour permettre au bébé d’effectuer une rotation, néanmoins d’autres positions peuvent être efficaces pour ce faire. rappel que la position pendant le travail doit être un choix maternel actif.

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Le Ray C., Lepleux F., De La Calle A., Guerin J., Sellam N., Dreyfus M., Chantry AA (2015)

Lateral asymmetric decubitus position for the rotation of occipito-posterior positions: multicenter randomized controlled trial EVADELA. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Oct.215. ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; dilation

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2614
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Etude ethnographique qui montre le déplacement du discours des sages-femmes d’une critique de la (sur)médicalisation à une critique de la violence obstétricale (Mexique)

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Zacher Dixon, Lydia (2015)

Obstetrics in a Time of Violence: Mexican Midwives Critique Routine Hospital Practices: Obstetrics in a Time of Violence - Medical Anthropology Quarterly - ISBN: 07455194 - p.n/a-n/a ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; iatrogeny ; guidelines ; public health ; traumatism ; deontology ; informed consent

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2700
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Lemay, Céline (2014)

Pratique sage-femme et gestion active du 3e stade : le temps d’une mise au point, de critiques et de commentaires - Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice - Vol. 13, 1 - p.37-44 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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2436
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This systematic review of the literature reports studies published over the last five years (2008–2013) about interventions during labor and normal delivery.

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C. Le Ray, A. Théau, S. Ménard, F. Goffinet (2014)

Quoi de neuf concernant les interventions obstétricales lors du travail et de l’accouchement normal ? / What is new about obstetrical interventions during labor and normal delivery? Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction (in press). ➡ Display this record
➡ iatrogeny ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; guidelines ; public health ; prevention ; active management of labor ; informed consent

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2748

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Carbone, Jeanine F; Tuuli, Methodius G; Fogertey, Patricia J; Roehl, Kimberly A; Macones, George A (2013)

Combination of foley bulb and vaginal misoprostol compared with vaginal misoprostol alone for cervical ripening and labor induction: a randomized controlled trial - Obstetrics and gynecology - Vol. 121, 2 Pt 1 - ISBN: 1873-233X - p.247-252 ➡ Display this record
➡ induction of labor ; ripening of cervix ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; dilation

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Dixon, Lesley; Tracy, Sally K.; Guilliland, Karen; Fletcher, Lynn; Hendry, Chris; Pairman, Sally (2013)

Outcomes of physiological and active third stage labour care amongst women in New Zealand - Midwifery - Vol. 29, 1 - ISBN: 0266-6138, 1532-3099 - p.67-74 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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Cette étude est une étude de cohorte qui a utilisé les données de // l’enregistrement national ➡ more…

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Petersen, Antje; Poetter, Ulrich; Michelsen, Claire; Gross, Mechthild M. (2013)

The sequence of intrapartum interventions: a descriptive approach to the cascade of interventions - Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics - Vol. 288, 2 - ISBN: 0932-0067, 1432-0711 - p.245-254 ➡ Display this record
➡ episiotomy ; dilation

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2702
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Planned place of birth does not influence the risk of blood loss greater than 1,000 mL.

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Davis, Deborah; Baddock, Sally; Pairman, Sally; Hunter, Marion; Benn, Cheryl; Anderson, Jacqui; Dixon, Lesley; Herbison, Peter (2012)

Risk of severe postpartum hemorrhage in low-risk childbearing women in new zealand: exploring the effect of place of birth and comparing third stage management of labor - Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) - Vol. 39, 2 - ISBN: 1523-536X - p.98-105 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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Autre recherche sur la même base de données que Dixon 2013 (http://afar.info/id=2701), sur // l’année ➡ more…

2899

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Video of Société d’Histoire de la Naissance (Part 2)

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Marie-France Morel (2011)

Entretien avec Michel ODENT, gynécologue-obstétricien (2e partie). Vidéo de la Société d’Histoire de la Naissance. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; alternative birth ; history, sociology ; physiology ; public health ; deontology ; informed consent

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Standard YouTube Licence

2898

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Video of Société d’Histoire de la Naissance (Part 1)

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Marie-France Morel (2011)

Entretien avec Michel ODENT, gynécologue-obstétricien (1ère partie). Vidéo de la Société d’Histoire de la Naissance. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; alternative birth ; history, sociology ; physiology ; public health ; deontology ; informed consent

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Standard YouTube Licence

2703
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A physiological third stage of labor can be supported for women when there has been a physiological labor and birth, and the woman is well and healthy.

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Dixon, Lesley; Fullerton, Judith T.; Begley, Cecily; Kennedy, Holly Powell; Guilliland, Karen (2011)

Systematic Review: The Clinical Effectiveness of Physiological (Expectant) Management of the Third Stage of Labor Following a Physiological Labor and Birth - International Journal of Childbirth - Vol. 1, 3 - p.179-195 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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Quels les résultats d’une gestion physiologique de 3e phase à la suite d’un // travail et accouchement ➡ more…

2986

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Treaty of obstetrics. A large place has been made to physiology to normality in daily practice.

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Loïc Marpeau, Collège National des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français (CNGOF), Collège national des Sages-femmes, Association française des sages-femmes enseignantes françaises (2010)

TRAITÉ D’OBSTÉTRIQUE. Elsevier Masson ➡ Display this record
➡ midwifery training ; physiology ; placenta previa/accreta ; position during labor ; premature baby ; guidelines ; public health ; maternal health ; baby’s health ; amniotomy ; episiotomy ; exams during labor ; fundal pressure ; instrumental delivery ; active management of labor ; pain medication ; oxytocin ; IV ; epidural ; rupture of membranes ; vaginal examination ; 3rd stage of labor ; dystocy ; eclampsia (pre-) ; breech presentation ; brachial plexus (birth injury) ; informed consent

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2704
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Fahy, Kathleen M. (2009)

Third Stage of Labour Care for Women at Low Risk of Postpartum Haemorrhage - Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health - Vol. 54, 5 - ISBN: 1526-9523 - p.380-386 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; oxytocin-3rd stage of labour

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2411

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A. Millet, G. Magnin, S. Desurmont (2009)

La pudeur en salle de naissance: ressenti des femmes, des personnes accompagnantes et du personnel médical. Revue de médecine périnatale Volume 1, Number 4, décembre. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; physiology ; psychology ; instrumental delivery

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2409

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C. Le Ray, F. Audibert (2009)

Les pratiques médicales lors de l’accouchement: comparaison France-Canada. Revue de médecine périnatale Volume 1, Number 1 / mars 2009 ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; physiology ; guidelines ; episiotomy ; monitoring ; informed consent

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2320

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Geraldine O’Sullivan, Bing Liu,Darren Hart, Paul Seed, Andrew Shennan (2009)

Effect of food intake during labour on obstetric outcome: randomised controlled trial ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; guidelines ; instrumental delivery ; diet/nutrition ; birth plan ; informed consent ; dilation

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2383

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L Sentilhes, P Gillard, P Descamps, A Fournié (2008)

Indications et prérequis à la réalisation d’une extraction instrumentale : quand, comment et où ? Indications and prerequisites for operative vaginal delivery: when, how and where?Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction Vol 37, N° 8S1 - décembre 2008 pp. 188-201 ➡ Display this record
➡ episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; dilation

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article gratuit

2348

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J. Lansac, B. Carbonne, F. Pierre (2007)

Le partogramme : un outil toujours actuel pour évaluer la qualité des soins en obstétrique. Journal de Gynécologie Obstétrique et Biologie de la Reproduction Vol 36, N° 1 - février 2007 pp. 2-7 ➡ Display this record
➡ guidelines ; monitoring ; dilation ; informed consent

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2058

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De nouveaux marqueurs sériques pour dépister la pré-éclampsie ? Encore beaucoup de recherche prospective à faire avant de conclure.

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Sibai BM. (2007)

Biomarker for hypertension-preeclampsia: are we close yet? {Editorial}. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2007, 197(1):1-2. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; eclampsia (pre-)

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2040

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Compte rendu pour les JTA (Journées de techniques avancées en gynécologie et obstétrique, PMA, périnatologie et pédiatrie) qui fait le point sur les connaissances et les études sur les positions maternelles pendant l’accouchement.

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R. Maillet (2007)

Positions maternelles pour l’accouchement. Les JTA ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears

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Texte en accès libre

2038

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Roberts J, Hanson L. (2007)

Best practices in second stage labor care: maternal bearing down and positioning. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2007 May-Jun;52(3):238-45 ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears ; incontinence/prolapsus ; fetal distress ; episiotomy ; active management of labor ; dilation

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3053

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Our research compromises the issue of the “obstetrical dilemma” and suggests that the pelvic cavity had a successful adaptation to bipedy and encephalisation thanks to several obstetrical mechanics which might be influenced by the maternal posture.

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July Bouhallier (2006)

Évolution de la fonction obstétricale chez les hominoïdes : analyse morphométrique tridimensionnelle de la cavité pelvienne chez les espèces actuelles et fossiles. (Evolution of the Hominoids obstetrical function : three-dimensional morphometric analyses of the pelvic cavity in modern and fossil species) Thèse de doctorat en Paléontologie humaine. Paris, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; history, sociology ; public health ; dilation

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3048
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In the first half of the 1990s, scientific research revealed that childbirth can give rise to trauma, some of which go as far as post-traumatic stress disorder.

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Hélène Vadeboncoeur (2006)

Accouchement et traumatisme psychologique. Revue de littérature sur accouchement et traumatisme. ➡ Display this record
➡ ethics ; physiology ; public health ; iatrogeny ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; informed consent

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2375

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B. Jacquetin
(2006)

L’épisiotomie. Introduction ➡ Display this record
➡ episiotomy ; scars ; dilation

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texte intégral

2208

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Providing low-income pregnant women with the option to choose a female friend who has received lay doula training and will act as doula during labor, along with other family members, shortens the labor process.

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Campbell DA, Lake MF, Falk M, Backstrand JR. (2006)

A randomized control trial of continuous support in labor by a lay doula. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006 Jul-Aug;35(4):456-64 ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; psychology ; birth attendant ; doula ; dilation

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Traduction de Margot Winterhalter

2003

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We report a signaling mechanism in rats between mother and fetus aimed at preparing fetal neurons for delivery.

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Tyzio R, Cossart R, Khalilov I, Minlebaev M, Hubner CA, Represa A, Ben-Ari (2006)

Maternal oxytocin triggers a transient inhibitory switch in GABA signaling in the fetal brain during delivery. Science. 2006 Dec 15;314(5806):1788-92. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; oxytocin ; post-term pregnancy

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Voir aussi : // Ganguly K, Schinder AF, Wong ST, Poo M. GABA itself promotes the developmental switch ➡ more…

1997
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Clinicians write and talk about the ideal of evidence-based obstetrics, but do not practice it consistently, if at all.

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(Journal compilation) (2006)

Why Do Women Go Along with This Stuff? Roundtable discussion, part 2. BIRTH 33:3 September 2006, p. 245-250 ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; position during labor ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; episiotomy ; epidural ; risk of litigation ; birth plan ; deontology ; informed consent

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1967
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Cet essai compare 100 femmes qui ont accouché allongées sur le dos (dans un même lieu d’accouchement) à 98 femmes qui ont accouché en position assise et/ou accroupie et/ou à 4 pattes ou à genoux (dans un autre lieu d’accouchement). Il y a moins de déchirures du périnée et moins d’oedèmes de la vulve, et aussi moins de perte de sang parmi les femmes qui ont accouché en position autre qu’allongée, sans augmentation de risque pour le bébé.

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Richard R. Terry, DO; Jeanne Westcott, CNM, PhD; Laura O’Shea, RD, CNM, MSN; and Frank Kelly, MD, MPH (2006)

Postpartum Outcomes in Supine Delivery by Physicians vs Nonsupine Delivery by Midwives. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2006;106:199–202 ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears ; dilation

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1939

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Glezerman M (2006)

Five years to the term breech trial : The rise and fall of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gyneco, 194 : 20-25. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; dystocy ; breech presentation ; dilation

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Voir l’étude de Hannah & collègues sur la fiche 600

1893

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Bush MC, Csaba A, Eddleman KA, Saphier CJ. (2006)

Is misoprostol safe for labor induction in twin gestations? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006 Jan;19(1):35-8. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; oxytocin ; maternal age ; post-term pregnancy ; dilation

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Matching the stories of women who go to birth centers with those of women giving birth at the hospital. There are many similarities between these two groups in terms of, for example, the meaning given to the birthing process, but it also suggests significant differences in perinatal experience.

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Manon Lachapelle (2005)

ACCOUCHER EN MAISON DE NAISSANCE : récits de femmes québécoises sur le corps, la douleur et les émotions. Mémoire de maitrise en anthropologie. Université de Laval. 2005 ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; alternative birth ; physiology ; position during labor ; guidelines ; iatrogeny ; interventions during childbirth ; birth planning birth preparation, birth education ; experience of pregnancy ; birthing center birthing centers ; hospital ; informed consent

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Une recherche qui a plus de 10 ans mais dont les conclusions demeurent d’actualité quant aux besoins ➡ more…

1971

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Sharan M, Strobino D, Ahmed S. (2005)

Intrapartum oxytocin use for labor acceleration in rural India. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005 Sep;90(3):251-7. ➡ Display this record
➡ active management of labor ; oxytocin ; hormones

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“Birth Attendant“ désigne le plus souvent une sage-femme traditionnelle recyclée en infirmièr ➡ more…

1950

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Antenatal exposure to betamethasone might result in insulin resistance in adult offspring, but has no clinical effect on cardiovascular risk factors at 30 years of age.

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Dalziel SR, Walker NK, Parag V, Mantell C, Rea HH, Rodgers A, Harding JE. (2005)

Cardiovascular risk factors after antenatal exposure to betamethasone: 30-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 365: 1856-1862 ➡ Display this record
➡ prevention ; hormones

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1924

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Capilla Montes C, Bermejo Vicedo T. (2005)

[Efficacy and safety of misoprostol in obstetrics] [Article in Spanish]. Review. {Espagne}. Farm Hosp. 2005 May-Jun;29(3):177-84. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; prevention ; induction of labor ; postpartum hemorrhage ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; post-term pregnancy ; abortion ; dilation

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1865

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Buhimschi CS, Buhimschi IA, Patel S, Malinow AM, Weiner CP. (2005)

Rupture of the uterine scar during term labor: contractility or biochemistry?. {USA}. BJOG. 2005 Jan;112(1):38-42. ➡ Display this record
➡ vaginal birth after caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; c-section/caesarean ; induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; oxytocin ; post-term pregnancy ; scars

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Gross MM, Drobnic S, Keirse MJ. (2005)

Influence of fixed and time-dependent factors on duration of normal first stage labor. Birth. 2005 Mar;32(1):27-33. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; place of birth ; homebirth ; rupture of membranes

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Coached pushing in the second stage of labor significantly affected urodynamic indices

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Schaffer JI, Bloom SL, Casey BM, McIntire DD, Nihira MA, Leveno KJ. (2005)

A randomized trial of the effects of coached vs uncoached maternal pushing during the second stage of labor on postpartum pelvic floor structure and function. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005 May;192(5):1692-6. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; physiology ; active management of labor ; incontinence/prolapsus

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1341

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Le repos ne permet guère d’éviter un accouchement prématuré.

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Elliott JP, Miller HS, Coleman S, Rhea D, Abril D, Hallbauer K, Istwan NB, Stanziano GJ. (2005)

A randomized multicenter study to determine the efficacy of activity restriction for preterm labor management in patients testing negative for fetal fibronectin. {USA}. J Perinatol. 2005 Oct;25(10):626-30. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; premature baby ; maternal age ; dilation

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1317
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Presentation of the anatomo-physiological foundations of birthing positions completed by an analysis of clinical research.

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Racinet, Claude (2005)

Positions maternelles pour l’accouchement. Gynecol Obstet Fertil. 2005 Jul-Aug;33(7-8):533-8 ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears ; postpartum hemorrhage ; dilation

• Group : Discussion of birth chair

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Présentation des fondements anatomo-physiologiques des positions d’accouchement, complétée par analyse ➡ more…

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Les femmes ayant le moins de chance d’aller au bout d’un AVAC sont celles pour qui l’indication de
césarienne était une dystocie, ou qui ont eu un déclenchement, ou qui ont un surpoids important.

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Landon MB, Leindecker S, Spong CY, et al. (2005)

The MFMU Cesarean Registry: Factors affecting the success of trial of labor after previous cesarean delivery. {USA}. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2005;193(3 Suppl):1016-1023. ➡ Display this record
➡ vaginal birth after caesarean ; c-section/caesarean ; induction of labor ; dystocy ; post-term pregnancy ; dilation

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Une nouvelle mesure du risque de détresse repiratoire due à l’immaturité des poumons … au prix d’une amniocentèse et de ses fausses-couches tout de même …

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Ghidini A, Poggi SH, Spong CY, Goodwin KM, Vink J, Pezzullo JC. (2005)

Role of lamellar body count for the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in non-diabetic pregnant women. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2005;271(4):325-328. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; premature baby ; amniocentesis ; fetal distress

hard

Texte en accès libre.

3047
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What can we do to render childbirth a non-medical event that is respectful of women’s rights, if it is still what Quebec women expect at the beginning of this millennium?

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Hélène Vadeboncoeur (2004)

La naissance au Québec à l’aube du troisième millénaire : de quelle humanisation parle-t-on ? Thèse de doctorat en sciences humaines appliquées, Université de Montréal. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; survey ; ethics ; physiology ; guidelines ; public health ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; social support ; informed consent

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2144

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Francis S. Nuthalapaty, Dwight J. Rouse, John Owen (2004)

The Association of Maternal Weight With Cesarean Risk, Labor Duration, and Cervical Dilation Rate During Labor Induction Obstet. Gynecol., Mar 2004; 103: 452 - 456. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; maternal weight ; dilation

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2031

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Trois groupes de parturientes, le premier comprenant des femmes gardant la même position pendant le travail (décubitus dorsal et/ou latéral), le deuxième composé de parturientes alternant les positions sur la table d’accouchement, et le troisième alternant les positions et utilisant le ballon et/ou la baignoire.
Résultats : Le premier intérêt obstétrical du changement de positions pendant le travail est l’amélioration du confort des parturientes. Puis c’est la diminution du temps de travail, avec une meilleure dynamique utérine et une meilleure dilatation cervicale.

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C. Paufichet (2004)

Intérêt obstétrical du changement de positions au cours du travail; La revue Sage-femme Vol 3 - N° 5 - Novembre 2004 p. 197 - 203 © Masson, Paris, 2004 ➡ Display this record
➡ midwifery training ; position during labor ; midwife ; dilation

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2004

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’FIA’ SANDIN BOJÖ Ann-Kristin ; HALL-LORD Marie-Louise ; AXELSSON Ove ; UDEN Giggi ; LARSSON Bodil Wilde (2004)

Midwifery care: development of an instrument to measure quality based on the World Health Organization’s classification of care in normal birth. Journal of clinical nursing (J. clin. nurs.). 2004, vol. 13, no1, pp. 75-83 ISSN 0962-1067 ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; midwife ; survey ; midwifery training ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology

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« Beaucoup de technique superflue pendant les accouchements » // Émission publique sur la ➡ more…

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Gonen (2004)

Variables associated with successful VBAC after one CS: a proposed VBAC score.. AmJPerin, 21, p.447 ➡ Display this record
➡ vaginal birth after caesarean ; c-section/caesarean ; dilation

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Bahl (2004)

Outcome of subsequent pregnancy 3 years after previous operative delivery in the second stage of labour: cohort Study. BMJ, 328, p.311 ➡ Display this record
➡ vaginal birth after caesarean ; c-section/caesarean ; dilation

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Mead, Marianne (2004)

Niveau d’intervention et perception du risque obstétrical. Réseau Régional de Santé Périnatale du Pays de la Loire. La Baule, France. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; psychology ; place of birth ; multiple pregnancy ; active management of labor

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Pour d’autres publications sur des thèmes apparentés, voir la page perso de Marianne Mead : ➡ more…

1296

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Comment prevenir les incontinences, dechrirures, dyspareunies, d’apres les madrilenes.

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Amostegui Azcue JM, Ferri Morales A, Lillo De La Quintana C, Serra Llosa ML. (2004)

[Urinary incontinence and other pelvic floor damages: ethilogy and prevention strategies] [Article in Spanish]. Rev Med Univ Navarra. 2004 Oct-Dec;48(4):18-31. ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; physiology ; prevention ; perineal/vaginal tears ; dyspareunia ; incontinence/prolapsus

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1164
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Aux sages-femmes, comment bien reconnaitre la transition, et accompagner les moments intenses, physiques et émotionnels, lorsque la naissance devient imminente.

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Downe S. (2004)

Transition and the second stage of labour: In: Henderson C & Cooper M (Eds) Myles Textbook for Midwives (14th edition) Harcourt Health Sciences, London. Chap.27:487-506. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; physiology ; position during labor ; psychology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; episiotomy

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High quality meta-analysis comparing supine with other positions for the second stage of labor. The only significant results are, supine vs others : more instrumental deliveries and more episiotomies, more pain and less satisfaction. None of the foetal outcomes shows any significant difference.

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De Jonge A, Teunissen TA, Lagro-Janssen AL. (2004)

Supine position compared to other positions during the second stage of labor: a meta-analytic review. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Mar;25(1):35-45. ➡ Display this record
➡ alternative birth ; duration of labour ; ethics ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; position during labor ; psychology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; pain ; postpartum hemorrhage ; deontology ; informed consent ; fetal distress ; episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; active management of labor

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Cette étude néerlandaise montre que les conseils des sages-femmes sont le facteur principal pour le choix de la position des femmes pendant leur accouchement ; que les femmes connaissent surtout la position en décubitus dorsal ; mais qu’elles apprécient et utilisent les informations sur d’autres positions, qui devraient donc leur être apportées au cours de la grossesse et de l’accouchement.

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De Jonge A, Lagro-Janssen AL. (2004)

Birthing positions. A qualitative study into the views of women about various birthing positions. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Mar;25(1):47-55. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; midwife ; midwifery training ; physiology ; position during labor ; psychology

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Pour des femmes sous péridurale, la mobilité pendant la première phase du travail n’a d’effet ni sur le mode d’accouchement (extraction instrumentale ou césarienne), ni sur la durée du travail, ni sur l’utilisation d’oxytocines, ni sur la douleur, ni sur l’apgar, mais ne semble pas présenter d’effets délétères.

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Roberts CL, Algert CS, Olive E. (2004)

Impact of first-stage ambulation on mode of delivery among women with epidural analgesia. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004 Dec;44(6):489-94. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; position during labor ; instrumental delivery ; active management of labor ; epidural

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Upright positions may have advantages, but may increase the risk of blood loss greater than 500 ml.

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Gupta JK, Hofmeyr GJ. (2004)

Position for women during second stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004;(1):CD002006. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears ; postpartum hemorrhage ; fetal distress ; episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; dilation

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En Tanzanie, les femmes bougent peu pendant le travail et choisissent la position lithotomique… parce qu’elles ignorent aujourd’hui qu’il existe d’autres alternatives.

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Lugina H, Mlay R, Smith H. (2004)

Mobility and maternal position during childbirth in Tanzania: an exploratory study at four government hospitals. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2004 Feb 19;4(1):3. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; position during labor ; guidelines ; physiology ; informed consent

hard

Texte en acces libre.

1087

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This study compared the duration of labor and pain relief between parturients receiving epidural analgesia who were ambulated or were recumbent. Whereas walking had no impact on either duration of labor or pain relief, it was associated with a reduction in both bupivacaine and oxytocin requirements.

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Frenea S, Chirossel C, Rodriguez R, Baguet JP, Racinet C, Payen JF (2004)

The effects of prolonged ambulation on labor with epidural analgesia. Anesthesia and Analgesia 98(1):224-229. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; position during labor ; oxytocin ; epidural

hard

Texte complet en accès libre. Abstract : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Ret ➡ more…

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This article assesses the validity of various strongly advocated opinions as to whether parturients benefit from ambulation in labor and also reviews the current trends in ambulatory labor analgesia.

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Kuczkowski KM (2004)

Ambulatory labor analgesia: what does an obstetrician need to know? Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 83(5):415-424. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; position during labor ; epidural

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Conclusions de l’article: // Ambulatory labor analgesia has become a popular choice of labor analgesia ➡ more…

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Use of powerful therapies to reduce levels of NK cells in women with infertility or recurrent miscarriage is unjustified and is associated with known side effects to mother and fetus

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Moffett A, Regan L, Braude P. (2004)

Education and debate. Natural killer cells, miscarriage, and infertility. The British Medical Journal 2004;329:1283-1285. ➡ Display this record
➡ ethics ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; assisted conception assisted reproductive technology ; deontology ; informed consent ; miscarriage

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1065

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Odent MR. (2004)

Letter. Making sense of rising caesarean section rates. Reducing caesarean section rates should not be the primary objective. The British Medical Journal 2004;329:1240. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; psychology ; ethics ; deontology ; informed consent ; instrumental delivery

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1045

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Méhats C, Oger S, Leroy M-J. (2004)

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors: a promising therapeutic approach to premature birth? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;117(1001):S15-S17. ➡ Display this record
➡ infections ; physiology ; premature baby ; prevention ; maternal age

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1040

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Schmitz T. (2004)

Is there a place for inhibition of cervical ripening in the management of preterm labour? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;117(1001):S18-S20. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; premature baby ; duration of labour ; active management of labor ; ripening of cervix

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1027

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Cwikel J, Gidron Y, Sheiner E. (2004)

Psychological interactions with infertility among women. Review. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;117(2):126-131. ➡ Display this record
➡ depression, anxiety ; physiology ; hormones ; psychology

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1026

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Morpurgo PS, Cetin I, Borgato S, Cortelazzi D, Nobile-DeSantis MS, Vaghi I, Beck-Peccoz P. (2004)

Circulating levels of inhibin A, inhibin B and activin A in normal and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) fetuses. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;117(1):38-44. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; hormones ; foetus growth ; low birth weight

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1014

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Jurisprudence en Angleterre: arrêt des soins intensifs à la demande des parents sur un bébé non viable à long terme.

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Dyer C. (2004)

Baby should be allowed to die, UK court rules. News. The British Medical Journal 2004;329:875. ➡ Display this record
➡ premature baby ; newborn care ; physiology ; ethics ; law ; deontology ; risk of litigation ; informed consent

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959
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L’expression « accouchement physiologique » est porteuse de quantité de croyances et de clichés…

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Poitel, Blandine (2004)

Accouchement physiologique : paradoxes, recherches et conclusions provisoires ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; place of birth

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932

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Boucher M, Nimrod CA, Tawagi GF, Meeker TA, Rennicks White RE, Varin J. (2004)

Comparison of carbetocin and oxytocin for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage following vaginal delivery:a double-blind randomized trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2004 May;26(5):481-8. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; place of birth ; homebirth ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; hormones

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931

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Un hopital israelien: risques de et associés à une rupture utérine sont simlaires pour un utérus cicatriciel ou non.

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Ofir K, Sheiner E, Levy A, Katz M, Mazor M. (2004)

Uterine rupture: differences between a scarred and an unscarred uterus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Aug;191(2):425-9. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; gestational diabetes ; postpartum hemorrhage ; scars ; oxytocin ; hormones ; morbidity

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879

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L’accouchement après terme ne constitue pas une contreindication au recours à un essai de travail chez une femme ayant déjà subi une césarienne.

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Martel, Marie-Jocelyne; Jane MacKinnon, Catherine (2004)

Directive Clinique sur l’accouchement vaginal chez des patientes ayant déjà subi une césarienne. Société des obstétriciens et gynécologues du Canada. Brantford (Ont.) Canada ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; vaginal birth after caesarean ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; scars

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875

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Le déclenchement peut s’avérer une procédure utile lorsqu’il est urgent de faire naître le bébé, mais il présente des inconvénients.

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Babyworld site (UK) (2004)

Risks of induction ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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Cette page parle de résultats des recherches mais ne mentionne aucune référence à l’appui des affirmations. ➡ more…

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Ressources bibliographiques sur le déclenchement

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Ministry of Health, Singapore (2004)

Induction of labour. Bibliographic sources. Singapore Ministry of Health. Induction of labour. Singapore: Singapore Ministry of Health; 2000 Aug. 22 p. [28 references] ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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873

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It is important that obstetricians are strict with both patients and themselves when considering induction of labour for ’soft’ indications if the risks of failed induction and caesarean section for dysfunctional labour are to be avoided.

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Danny Tucker (2004)

Induction of labour - A guide for SHO’s. Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield (UK). ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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848
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Pour les femmes sous péridurale, on compare la position couchée latérale (droite ou gauche, au choix) à la position assise avec soutien pendant la période passive de la seconde phase du travail (soit, d’après le protocole, une période d’une heure à partir de la dilatation complète pendant laquelle on ne demande pas à la femme de pousser). La position latérale permettrait moins d’extractions instrumentales que la position assise avec soutien.

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Downe S, Gerrett D, Renfrew MJ. (2004)

A prospective randomised trial on the effect of position in the passive second stage of labour on birth outcome in nulliparous women using epidural analgesia. Midwifery 2004;20(2):157-168. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; dilation ; position during labor ; perineal/vaginal tears ; scars ; episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; epidural

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843

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Intérêt des capteurs télémétriques pour la recherche, permettent des mesures foetales sans entraver la liberté de mouvement de la mère. Un essai sur 3 femmes montre que l’oxygénation du foetus pendant le travail est meilleure avec les positions verticales et la déambulation.

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Braun T, Sierra F, Seiler D, Mainzer K, Wohlschlager M, Tutschek B, Schmidt S. (2004)

Continuous telemetric monitoring of fetal oxygen partial pressure during labor. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2004;270(1):40-45. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; position during labor ; monitoring

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Article en accès libre.

838

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L’accouchement vaginal spontané observé en milieu hospitalier comporte un biais énorme, celui-là même d’avoir lieu dans un espace, l’hôpital, où le processus physiologique normal de la mise au monde d’un bébé est quasiment toujours perturbé.

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Catherine Gerbelli (2004)

Qu’est-ce qu’un accouchement spontané? Lettre à l’éditeur, à propos de Planned elective cesarean section: A reasonable choice for some women? [editorial]. Hannah ME, CMAJ 2004;170(5):813-4. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; dilation ; c-section/caesarean ; place of birth ; homebirth

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834

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Il existe une distinction fondamentale entre accouchement vaginal (c’est-à-dire naissance par les voies naturelles) et accouchement physiologique (expression d’un processus physiologique normal non perturbé).

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Gerbelli C. (2004)

Elective cesarean section. Letters. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2004;171(1):15. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; dilation ; place of birth ; homebirth ; ethics ; deontology ; informed consent ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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Voir version PDF: http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/171/1/15-a.pdf

829

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Caton D. (2004)

Medical science and social values. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia 2004;13(3):167-173. ➡ Display this record
➡ depression, anxiety ; history, sociology ; physiology ; psychology

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Article en accès libre.

824

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Alfirevic Z, Edwards G, Platt MJ. (2004)

The impact of delivery suite guidelines on intrapartum care in ‘standard primigravida’. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;115(1):28-31. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; guidelines ; duration of labour ; perineal/vaginal tears ; postpartum hemorrhage ; fetal distress ; episiotomy ; oxytocin ; active management of labor ; monitoring ; hormones ; informed consent

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823

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In women with prelabor rupture of the membranes at term, the best approach is to induce labor if spontaneous labor has not begun after 24 h.

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Ezra Y, Michaelson-Cohen R, Abramov Y, Rojansky N. (2004)

Prelabor rupture of the membranes at term: when to induce labor? European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;115(1):23-27. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; duration of labour ; induction of labor ; rupture of membranes ; active management of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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822

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Papandreou L, Chasiotis G, Seferiadis K, et al. (2004)

Calcium levels during the initiation of labor. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;115(1):17-22. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology

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813

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Magann EF, Doherty DA, Chauhan SP, Lanneau GS, Morrison JC. (2004)

Dye-Determined Amniotic Fluid Volume and Intrapartum/Neonatal Outcome. Journal of Perinatology 2004;24:423-428. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; fetal distress

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805
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Sheiner E, Levy A, Walfisch A, Hallak M, Mazor M. (2004)

Third degree perineal tears in a university medical center where midline episiotomies are not performed. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004 Mar 16 ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; induction of labor ; episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; forceps delivery ; vacuum extraction (ventouse) ; post-term pregnancy

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791

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Grande disparité des taux de péridurale, déclenchement, épisiotomie, déchirures, forceps, entre deux maternités françaises.

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Le Ray C, Gaudu S, Teboul M, Cabrol D, Goffinet F. (2004)

Prise en charge du travail et de l’accouchement chez la nullipare à bas risque : comparaison d’une maternité de type 1 et d’une maternité de type 3 J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 2004 Feb;33:30-6. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; induction of labor ; episiotomy ; epidural ; instrumental delivery ; forceps delivery ; post-term pregnancy

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773

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Ananth CV, Joseph KS, Smulian JC. (2004)

Trends in twin neonatal mortality rates in the United States, 1989 through 1999: influence of birth registration and obstetric intervention. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(5):1313-1321. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; premature baby ; physiology ; induction of labor ; multiple pregnancy ; post-term pregnancy ; perinatal death rates

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La pratique d’une échographie au premier trimestre permet de réduire les taux de déclenchement pour dépassement de terme. (Essai randomisé)

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Bennett KA, Crane JMG, O’Shea P, Lacelle J, Hutchens D, Copel JA. (2004)

First trimester ultrasound screening is effective in reducing postterm labor induction rates: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(4):1077-1081. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; ultrasound scanning

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713

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Condon JC, Jeyasuria P, Faust JM, Mendelson CR. (2004)

Surfactant protein secreted by the maturing mouse fetal lung acts as a hormone that signals the initiation of parturition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 6;101(14):4978-83. Epub 2004 Mar 25. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology

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Forget D. (2004)

Hormone de naissance. Publication électronique de cyberscience.com, 24/03/2004. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; premature baby

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583

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Nissen E, Lilja G, Widstrom AM, Uvnas-Moberg K. (2004)

Elevation of oxytocin levels early post partum in women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1995 Aug;74(7):530-3. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; hormones ; psychology ; oxytocin

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Levesque P. (2004)

Planned Elective Caesarean Delivery and the Precautionary Principle. Letter. MAJ 2004;170:858. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; history, sociology ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; ethics ; deontology ; informed consent ; oxytocin ; hormones ; morbidity

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Häger RME, Daltveit AK, Hofoss D, Nilsen ST, Kolaas T, Øian P, Henriksen T. (2004)

Complications of cesarean deliveries: Rates and risk factors. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(2):428-434. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; infections ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; postpartum hemorrhage ; dilation

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529

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Essai randomisé du misoprostol en solution humide ou sec pour la protection contre une interruption de grossesse au premier trimestre.

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Gilles JM, Creinin MD, Barnhar K, et al. (2004)

A randomized trial of saline solution–moistened misoprostol versus dry misoprostol for first-trimester pregnancy failure. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(2):389-394. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; stillbirth ; post-term pregnancy ; misoprostol (Cytotec)

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Le risque de césarienne est multiplié par 12.4 pour une nullipare ayant dépassé 41 semaines d’âge gestationnel avec un bébé en vertex, s’il n’est pas encore engagé.

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Shin KS, Brubaker KL, Ackerson LM. (2004)

Risk of cesarean delivery in nulliparous women at greater than 41 weeks’ gestational age with an unengaged vertex. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(1):129-34. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; induction of labor ; dystocy ; post-term pregnancy

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457

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Essai comparatif randomisé de deux protocoles de gestion active du travail en présence d’un col défavorable

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Bolnick JM, Velazquez MD, Gonzalez JL, Rappaport VJ, McIlwain-Dunivan G, Rayburn WF. (2004)

Randomized trial between two active labor management protocols in the presence of an unfavorable cervix. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(1):124-28. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; misoprostol (Cytotec)

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455

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Porreco RP, Boehm FH, Dildy GA, Miller HS, Wickstrom EA, Garite TJ, Swedlow D. (2004)

Dystocia in nulliparous patients monitored with fetal pulse oximetry. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;190(1):113-17. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; fetal distress ; dystocy ; monitoring ; oxytocin ; hormones

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Labouring in water under midwifery care may be an option for slow progress in labour, reducing the need for obstetric intervention, and offering an alternative pain management strategy.

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Cluett ER, Pickering RM, Getliffe K, St George Saunders NJ. (2004)

Randomised controlled trial of labouring in water compared with standard of augmentation for management of dystocia in first stage of labour. The British Medical Journal 2004;328:314. ➡ Display this record
➡ alternative birth ; duration of labour ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; amniotomy ; instrumental delivery ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; epidural ; rupture of membranes ; pain ; dystocy ; hormones ; dilation ; morbidity

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423

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Etude de la fiabilité du score de Bishop avant le déclenchement à terme

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Faltin-Traub EF, Boulvain M, Faltin DL, Extermann P, Irion O. (2004)

Reliability of the Bishop score before labour induction at term. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 2004;112(2):178-181. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; exams during labor ; post-term pregnancy

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Vivio D, Williams D. (2004)

Active management of the third stage of labor: Why is it controversial? Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health 2004;49(1):2. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; postpartum hemorrhage ; oxytocin ; active management of labor ; hormones

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1935

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Goldberg AB, Wing DA. (2003)

Induction of labor: the misoprostol controversy. Review. {USA}. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2003 Jul-Aug;48(4):244-8. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; law ; risk of litigation ; induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; oxytocin ; maternal age ; post-term pregnancy

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Moins de douleur en position assise par rapport à la position sur le dos.

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Adachi K, Shimada M, Usui A. (2003)

The relationship between the parturient’s positions and perceptions of labor pain intensity. Nurs Res. 2003 Jan-Feb;52(1):47-51. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; physiology ; pain

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Les primipares sous péridurale ambulatoire peuvent maintenir une position verticale jusqu’à la naissance, à condition d’être soutenues physiquement et émotionnellement en permanence.

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Mayberry LJ, Strange LB, Suplee PD, Gennaro S. (2003)

Use of upright positioning with epidural analgesia: findings from an observational study. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2003 May-Jun;28(3):152-9. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; position during labor ; physiology ; epidural

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884

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En matière de déclenchement, tout est loin d’être réglé. Ce qui compte par-dessus tout, c’est l’indication du déclenchement. Il faut en peser les avantages et les inconvénients, pour la mère et son enfant, après une lecture critique des données épidémiologiques.

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Marpeau, L. (2003)

Maturation du col utérin. Déclenchement du travail. Apport des systèmes intravaginaux de PGE2. Mises à jour en gynécologie obstétrique, tome XXVII, volume Gynécologie obstétrique, p. 125. CNGOF ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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880

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Doctors find it difficult to admit mistakes. Here we have a big mistake -- Cytotec induction with VBAC -- that went on for years.

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Wagner, Marsden (2003)

Cytotec Induction and Off-Label Use. Midwifery Today, 67, Fall 2003. ➡ Display this record
➡ vaginal birth after caesarean ; c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; induction of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; post-term pregnancy

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876

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N’y aurait-il pas risque, aussi bien pour le soignant que les parents mais aussi l’enfant, à ainsi perturber un phénomène qui ne donnait aucun signe de problème ? Cette étude approfondie a été publiée par les Dossiers de l’Obstétrique.

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Poitel, Blandine (2003)

Programmation de l’accouchement : les sirènes de la toute puissance. Les Dossiers de l’Obstétrique No 316, mai 2003, p.10-15; No 317, juin 2003, p.16-21; No 318, juillet 2003, p.30-33. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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Pour commander un tiré à part de cet article, il suffit d’envoyer vos nom prénom et adresse, ainsi ➡ more…

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Fundal pressure is used in France for 50% of deliveries, according to a survey of “Institut des mamans”

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Institut des mamans (2003)

Pratique obstétricales et frustrations des mamans: quelle réalité. Enquête. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; survey ; physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; episiotomy ; exams during labor ; fundal pressure ; epidural

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809

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Bodner-Adler B, Bodner K, Kimberger O, Wagenbichler P, Kaider A, Husslein P, Mayerhofer K. (2003)

The effect of epidural analgesia on obstetric lacerations and neonatal outcome during spontaneous vaginal delivery. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2003 Jan;267(3):130-3. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; perineal/vaginal tears ; maternal age ; episiotomy ; oxytocin ; epidural ; active management of labor ; hormones

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795

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Plus de déchirures sévères lorsque l’accouchement est en dépassement de terme, déclenché avec macrosomie foetale, utilisation de la péridurale, extraction instrumentale (notamment forceps), ou simplement conduit par un obstétricien.

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Gupta N, Kiran TU, Mulik V, Bethel J, Bhal K. (2003)

The incidence, risk factors and obstetric outcome in primigravid women sustaining anal sphincter tears. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003 Aug;82(8):736-43. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; induction of labor ; instrumental delivery ; epidural ; forceps delivery ; post-term pregnancy

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794

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La meilleure recommandation est de laisser les femmes accoucher dans la position qu’elles souhaitent.

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Bodner-Adler B, Bodner K, Kimberger O, Lozanov P, Husslein P, Mayerhofer K. (2003)

Women’s position during labour: influence on maternal and neonatal outcome. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2003 Oct 31;115(19-20):720-3. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; duration of labour ; perineal/vaginal tears ; maternal age ; episiotomy ; oxytocin ; epidural ; active management of labor ; hormones

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David M. (2003)

DU BABY-BLUES AUX NEVROSES… ET TSPT POST-ACCOUCHEMENT. Publication électronique du site Neurosciences et Psychologie au service de l’ Obstétrique (NPO Sages-femmes), http://www.nposagesfemmes.org/. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; depression, anxiety ; physiology ; psychology ; traumatism ; post-traumatic stress ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; instrumental delivery ; forceps delivery

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613

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Blackburn ST. (2003)

Maternal, Fetal, & Neonatal Physiology: a Clinical Perspective, 2nd Edition St. Louis, Mo: Saunders, 2003. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology

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593

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Dodd J, Crowther CA. (2003)

Vaginal birth after Caesarean section: a survey of practice in Australia and New Zealand. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003 Jun;43(3):226-31. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; hormones ; vaginal birth after caesarean ; duration of labour ; survey ; induction of labor ; oxytocin ; active management of labor ; breech presentation ; dystocy ; morbidity ; post-term pregnancy

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400

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Comparison between the use of oral misoprostol and that of conventional oxytocics. (Randomized trial of 1574 patients) The group receiving only oral misoprostol had 9% postpartum haemorrhage, compared with 3% for other groups who received oxytocin intravenously.

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Eray Ali Kan, Dilbaz B, Meydanli MM, Öztürk N, Narin MA, Haberal A. (2003)

Oral misoprostol for the third stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial. Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003;101(5):921-928. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; prevention ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; postpartum hemorrhage ; hormones ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; induction of labor

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399

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Ponkey SE, Cohen AP, Heffner LJ, Lieberman E. (2003)

Persistent fetal occiput posterior position: obstetric outcomes. Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003;101(5):915-920. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; infections ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; duration of labour ; perineal/vaginal tears ; maternal age ; instrumental delivery ; oxytocin ; epidural ; active management of labor ; hormones

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Pitkin RM. (2003)

Commentary on pelvic scoring for elective induction. : Bishop EH. Pelvic scoring for elective induction. Obstet Gynecol 1964;24:266-8, Page 846. Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003;101(5):846. Editorial. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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366

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Etude randomisée de l’administration vaginale de mononitrate isosorbide pour la maturation du col.

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Ekerhovd E, Bullarbo M, Andersch B, Norström A. (2003)

Vaginal administration of the nitric oxide donor isosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening at term: a randomized controlled study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003;189(6):1692-1697. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; ripening of cervix ; post-term pregnancy

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365

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The length of the cervix below the level of cerclage is not related to duration of pregnancy in women treated with cerclage because of ultrasound evidence of cervical effacement.

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Rust OA, Atlas RO, Meyn J, Wells M, Kimmel S. (2003)

Does cerclage location influence perinatal outcome? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003;189(6):1688-1691. ➡ Display this record
➡ cerclage ; premature baby ; guidelines ; ultrasound scanning ; dilation ; informed consent

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293

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Les interventions ayant une influence sur la durée du travail s’influencent mutuellement. On ne peut donc pas les étudier comme des variables séparées.

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Gross MM, Antes G. (2003)

[Scientific evidence on labor duration from systematic reviews] [Article in German] Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie. 2003 Jan-Feb;207(1):17-23. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; physiology ; IV ; epidural ; rupture of membranes ; amniotomy ; active management of labor

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Bohra U, Donnelly J, O’Connell MP, Geary MP, MacQuillan K, Keane DP. (2003)

Active management of labour revisited: the first 1000 primiparous labours in 2000. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2003 Mar;23(2):118-20. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; exams during labor ; instrumental delivery ; oxytocin ; epidural ; rupture of membranes ; active management of labor ; amniotomy ; monitoring ; hormones

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Le choix d’une méthode pour le déclenchement

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Tinelli A, Tinelli R, Tinelli FG. (2003)

[Induction of labour: which method to use? ] [Article in italian] Minerva Ginecol. 2003 Dec;55(6):463-82. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; hormones ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; oxytocin ; rupture of membranes ; amniotomy ; active management of labor ; misoprostol (Cytotec)

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Etude randomisée contrôlée, sur des femmes en travail spontané ou déclenché. Le fait de marcher sous péridurale ambulatoire a pour seul effet une réduction notable du temps du travail.

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Karraz MA. (2003)

Ambulatory epidural anesthesia and the duration of labor. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2003 Feb;80(2):117-22. ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; physiology ; pain medication ; epidural ; pain

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Mais les conditions si artificielles n’ont guère du laisser de spontanéité aux femmes. Le mélange ➡ more…

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Nous ne devrions pas procéder à des déclenchements dans une population de femmes et de bébés qui vont bien, à moins qu’ils soient vraiment dans une situation propice à l’accouchement.

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Haaf, Wendy (2003)

Induction of Labour. The Cons of Induction ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; duration of labour ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; episiotomy ; pain medication ; active management of labor ; pain

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Pitman, Teresa (2003)

Medical Interventions. Why you should understand the risks as well as the benefits ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; induction of labor ; ultrasound scanning ; episiotomy ; instrumental delivery ; forceps delivery ; post-term pregnancy

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cet article doit être traduit en priorité...

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Régression de la pratique de l’épisiotomie au Canada (67 à 38% sur 11 ans)

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Spicer, Susan (2003)

Episiotomy Rates are Dropping. Recent studies question necessity of routine episiotomies ➡ Display this record
➡ position during labor ; physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; episiotomy

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1357
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Plus de risques pour les bébés lors des AADs dans l’état de Washington. Etude
largement controversée.

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Pang JW, Heffelfinger JD, Huang GJ, Benedetti TJ, Weiss NS. (2002)

Outcomes of planned home births in Washington State: 1989-1996. {USA}. Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Aug;100(2):253-9. ➡ Display this record
➡ place of birth ; homebirth ; planned homebirth ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; fetal distress ; postpartum hemorrhage ; hormones ; perinatal death rates

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Text intégral en accès libre. // Plus de risques pour les bébés lors des AADs dans l’état de Washington. ➡ more…

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Les femmes sous péridurale ambulatoire en profitent effectivement pour bouger et ont une seconde phase du travail plus courte.

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Golara M, Plaat F, Shennan AH. (2002)

Upright versus recumbent position in the second stage of labour in women with combined spinal-epidural analgesia. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2002 Jan;11(1):19-22. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; physiology ; epidural

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Revue des facteurs obstétriques optimaux pendant le second stade, en particulier les positions de la femme et le réflexe de poussée. Réflexion sur ces facteurs en cas de péridurale.

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Roberts JE. (2002)

The "push" for evidence: management of the second stage. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2002 Jan-Feb;47(1):2-15. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; fetal distress ; epidural

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Les femmes pauvres de la région des Chiapas préfèrent un accouchement traditionel qui leur donne le choix du lieu, de la position d’accouchement, de la présence de leurs proches.

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Hunt LM, Glantz NM, Halperin DC. (2002)

Childbirth care-seeking behavior in Chiapas. Health Care Women Int. 2002 Jan;23(1):98-118. ➡ Display this record
➡ attendance ; position during labor ; physiology ; place of birth ; homebirth

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La position et le type d’accoucheur, obstétricien ou sage-femme, ont une influence sur l’état du périnée.

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Shorten A, Donsante J, Shorten B. (2002)

Birth position, accoucheur, and perineal outcomes: informing women about choices for vaginal birth. Birth. 2002 Mar;29(1):18-27. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; guidelines ; physiology ; perineal/vaginal tears ; episiotomy ; informed consent

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1084

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Helen Stapleton, Mavis Kirkham, and Gwenan Thomas (2002)

Qualitative study of evidence based leaflets in maternity care BMJ 2002 324: 639. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; law ; risk of litigation

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1048

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Review of the literature shows that the administration of uterotonic drugs reduces the risk of PPH

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McCormick, M.L.; Sanghvi, H.C.G.; Kinzie, B.; McIntosh, N (2002)

Preventing postpartum hemorrhage in low-resource settings. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 77 2002 267 275 ➡ Display this record
➡ postpartum hemorrhage ; hormones ; oxytocin ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; induction of labor

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Rectal misoprostol is of equivalent efficacy to parenteral oxytocin for the prevention of primary postpartum hemorrhage. Rectal misoprostol is an appropriate uterotonic agent for routine management of the third stage of labour.

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Karkanis SG, Caloia D, Salenieks ME, Kingdom J, Walker M, Meffe F, Windrim R. (2002)

Randomized controlled trial of rectal misoprostol versus oxytocin in third stage management. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2002 Feb;24(2):149-54. ➡ Display this record
➡ evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; prevention ; postpartum hemorrhage ; hormones ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; oxytocin ; induction of labor

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942

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The increased incidence of shivering and pyrexia that occurs with postpartum use of misoprostol persists up to 6 hours following delivery. Approximately 5% of women experience diarrhoea that starts after 1 hour and subsides within 12 hours.

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Lumbiganon P, Villar J, Piaggio G, Gulmezoglu AM, Adetoro L, Carroli G. (2002)

Side effects of oral misoprostol during the first 24 hours after administration in the third stage of labour. BJOG. 2002 Nov;109(11):1222-6. ➡ Display this record
➡ duration of labour ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; postpartum hemorrhage ; hormones ; misoprostol (Cytotec) ; induction of labor

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Four major hormonal systems are active during labor and birth.

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Sarah J. Buckley (2002)

Ecstatic Birth: The Hormonal Blueprint of Labor. Mothering 111, March-April 2002. ➡ Display this record
➡ psychology ; physiology ; hormones ; pain ; oxytocin ; induction of labor ; post-term pregnancy

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883

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L’administration massive d’ocytocines -- combinée ou non avec des procédures de maturation du col -- ne permet pas en général d’initier le travail progressif, à moins qu’il ne soit sur le point de se déclencher lui-même.

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Goer, Henci (2002)

Elective Induction of Labor. Revised and reprinted from Childbirth Instructor Magazine. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; hormones ; induction of labor ; oxytocin ; post-term pregnancy

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882

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Given the increasing popularity of elective induction of labor, even a small risk of cesarean delivery in nullipara may translate into a large number of cesarean deliveries in excess nationwide.

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Zhang J, Yancy MK, Henderson C (2002)

U.S. National Trends in Labor Induction, 1989–1999. J Reprod Med 2002, 47:120–124. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; induction of labor ; morbidity ; maternal age ; post-term pregnancy

hard

881

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(Elective) induced labor is associated with significantly more cesarean deliveries and slightly, but significantly, more instrumental deliveries.

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Cammu H, Martens G, Ruyssinck G, Amy J (2002)

Outcome after elective labor induction in nulliparous women: a matched cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002, 186:240–244. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology ; induction of labor ; maternal age ; post-term pregnancy

hard

849

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Uterine ruptures associated with: syntocinon, forceps, and abdominal expression.

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Vangeenderhuysen C, Souidi A. (2002)

Uterine rupture of pregnant uterus: study of a continuous series of 63 cases at the referral maternity of Niamey (Niger). Med Trop (Mars). 2002;62(6):615-8. ➡ Display this record
➡ maternal age ; fundal pressure ; oxytocin ; forceps delivery ; hormones

hard

588

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Florio P, Severi FM, Ciarmela P, Fiore G, Calonaci G, Merola A, De Felice C, Palumbo M, Petraglia F. (2002)

Placental stress factors and maternal-fetal adaptive response: the corticotropin-releasing factor family. Endocrine. 2002 Oct;19(1):91-102. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology

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587

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Florio P, Ciarmela P, Luisi S, Palumbo MA, Lambert-Messerlian G, Severi FM, Petraglia F. (2002)

Pre-eclampsia with fetal growth restriction: placental and serum activin A and inhibin A levels. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2002 Oct;16(5):365-72. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; eclampsia (pre-)

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586

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Florio P, Mezzesimi A, Turchetti V, Severi FM, Ticconi C, Forconi S, Petraglia F. (2002)

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➡ c-section/caesarean ; physiology

hard

475
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More and more routine interventions are being performed without evidence of their effectiveness, under pressure from the private sector, the forensic, without informed consent. Higher rates of normal childbirth would be achieved simply by changing beliefs and implementing the practice of evidence-based medicine.

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Johanson R, Newburn M, Macfarlane A. (2002)

Has the medicalisation of childbirth gone too far? The British Medical Journal 2002;324:892-895. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; duration of labour ; midwifery training ; history, sociology ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; position during labor ; psychology ; obstetric and gynecologic violence obstetric violence, obstetrical violence ; episiotomy ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; IV ; epidural ; forceps delivery ; hormones ; monitoring ; perinatal death rates ; midwife ; deontology ; informed consent

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301

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Comparaison de l’amniotomie pratiquée immédiatement, ou après administration d’ocytocine, suite à la maturation du col avec un catheter de Foley

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Levy R, Ferber A, Ben-Arie A, Paz B, Hazan Y, Blickstein I, Hagay ZJ. (2002)

A randomised comparison of early versus late amniotomy following cervical ripening with a Foley catheter. BJOG. 2002 Feb;109(2):168-72. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; hormones ; duration of labour ; induction of labor ; ripening of cervix ; dystocy ; oxytocin ; rupture of membranes ; active management of labor ; amniotomy ; post-term pregnancy

hard

298

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Comparison of efficacy and side effects of isosorbide mononitrate and misoprostol for cervical ripening

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Chanrachakul B, Herabutya Y, Punyavachira P. (2002)

Randomized trial of isosorbide mononitrate versus misoprostol for cervical ripening at term. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2002 Aug;78(2):139-45. ➡ Display this record
➡ c-section/caesarean ; evidence-based medicine/midwifery ; physiology ; hormones ; amniotomy ; active management of labor ; oxytocin ; rupture of membranes ; induction of labor ; ripening of cervix ; post-term pregnancy ; fetal distress ; dystocy ; misoprostol (Cytotec)

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296

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Le dosage optimal du misoprostol pour un déclenchement

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Pongsatha S, Sirisukkasem S, Tongsong T. (2002)

A comparison of 100 microg oral misoprostol every 3 hours and 6 hours for labor induction: a randomized controlled trial. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2002 Dec;28(6):308-12. ➡ Display this record
➡ physiology ; induction of labor ; rupture of membranes ; amniotomy ; active management of labor ; post-term pregnancy ; misoprostol (Cytotec)